Grens A, Shimizu H, Hoffmeister S A, Bode H R, Fujisawa T
Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA.
Development. 1999 Feb;126(3):517-24. doi: 10.1242/dev.126.3.517.
Signaling molecules affecting patterning processes are usually proteins and rarely peptides. Two novel peptides, pedibin and Hym-346, that are closely related to one another have been isolated from Hydra vulgaris and Hydra magnipapillata. Several experiments indicate that both cause a reduction in the positional value gradient, the principle patterning process governing the maintenance of form in the adult hydra. The peptides cause an increase in the rate of foot regeneration following bisection of the body column. Treatment of animals with either peptide for an extended period of time resulted in an apical extension of the range of expression of CnNk-2 along the body column. Such an extension is correlated with a decrease in positional value. Transplantation of tissue treated with Hym-346 results in an increase in the fraction forming feet, and aggregates derived from Hym-346 tissue form more feet and fewer heads. The latter two experiments provide a direct measure of the lowering of positional value in the treated tissue. These results suggest that peptides play signaling roles in patterning processes in cnidaria and, plausibly, in more complex metazoans as well.
影响模式形成过程的信号分子通常是蛋白质，很少是肽。从普通水螅和大乳头水螅中分离出了两种彼此密切相关的新型肽，即pedibin和Hym - 346。多项实验表明，这两种肽都会导致位置值梯度降低，而位置值梯度是控制成年水螅形态维持的主要模式形成过程。这些肽会使身体柱体二等分后足部再生的速率增加。用任何一种肽对动物进行长时间处理都会导致CnNk - 2沿身体柱体的表达范围向顶端扩展。这种扩展与位置值的降低相关。用Hym - 346处理过的组织移植后，形成足部的部分会增加，并且源自Hym - 346组织的聚集体会形成更多的足部和更少的头部。后两个实验直接测量了处理过的组织中位置值的降低。这些结果表明，肽在刺胞动物的模式形成过程中发挥信号作用，并且很可能在更复杂的后生动物中也发挥作用。
