Kunkle R A, Sacco R E
Avian and Swine Respiratory Diseases Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Avian Dis. 1998 Oct-Dec;42(4):787-90.
Pulmonary lesions resulting from Aspergillus fumigatus inoculation were assessed in convalescent turkeys and compared with those in previously noninoculated (control) turkeys. In addition, lesions observed in small Beltsville white (SBW) turkeys were compared with those in broad-breasted white (BBW) turkeys challenged with the same inoculum. Turkeys were challenged by unilateral posterior thoracic air sac (PTAS) inoculation, rechallenged via the contralateral air sac after 5 wk, and then necropsied 1 wk later. Pulmonary lesions induced by the initial challenge had resolved in 6 of 10 SBW and 9 of 10 BBW turkeys. However, convalescence did not protect against pulmonary aspergillosis subsequent to rechallenge; 10 of 10 SBW and 9 of 10 BBW developed granulomatous pulmonary lesions on the side of reexposure. A greater proportion of control SBW turkeys developed pneumonia and airsacculitis following challenge as compared with the BBW breed. Lesions were limited to the lower respiratory tract in all turkeys and were confined to the ipsilateral lung and PTAS in the singly inoculated control turkeys. This study demonstrates that convalescence from pulmonary aspergillosis does not confer protection against rechallenge but may, instead, decrease resistance to subsequent infection.
对恢复期火鸡中由烟曲霉接种引起的肺部病变进行了评估，并与之前未接种（对照）的火鸡的病变进行了比较。此外，还将小型贝尔茨维尔白火鸡（SBW）中观察到的病变与用相同接种物攻击的宽胸白火鸡（BBW）中的病变进行了比较。通过单侧后胸气囊（PTAS）接种对火鸡进行攻击，5周后通过对侧气囊再次攻击，然后在1周后进行剖检。在10只SBW火鸡中有6只和10只BBW火鸡中有9只，初次攻击引起的肺部病变已经消退。然而，恢复期并不能预防再次攻击后的肺部曲霉病；10只SBW火鸡中的每一只和10只BBW火鸡中的9只在再次暴露侧出现了肉芽肿性肺部病变。与BBW品种相比，对照SBW火鸡在攻击后发生肺炎和气囊炎的比例更高。所有火鸡的病变都局限于下呼吸道，在单次接种的对照火鸡中，病变局限于同侧肺和PTAS。这项研究表明，肺部曲霉病恢复期并不能提供再次攻击的保护，反而可能会降低对后续感染的抵抗力。
