Richard J L, Peden W M, Sacks J M
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010.
Avian Dis. 1991 Jan-Mar;35(1):93-9.
Turkey poults were vaccinated with combinations of two different germling preparations and three adjuvants (N-acetylmuranyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, Pasteurella multocida lipopolysaccharide [LPS], and avridine) at 1 and 2 weeks of age, and their immunity was challenged by sublethal exposure to aerosols of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia at 1 month of age. Fewer turkeys in the groups given vaccines prepared from germlings grown on Dorset's and Henley's medium (D&H) had organisms in lung tissue at 2 weeks after challenge exposure as compared with those vaccinated with germling grown on neopeptone dialysate (Neo). The LPS of P. multocida appeared to be the most efficacious of the adjuvants in the D&H vaccine group, as A. fumigatus was isolated from only one of eight turkeys in this group; the number of organisms per gram of lung tissue was low compared with other vaccine groups at 2 weeks after challenge exposure; and poults given D&H vaccine with LPS as adjuvant had less-severe lung lesions than other groups. These differences in lung lesions were more marked at 2 weeks than at 8 weeks after challenge exposure. The only difference among other parameters in the vaccinated turkeys was lower heterophil counts in the turkeys given D&H-prepared vaccines than in unvaccinated controls. This was probably due to less-severe infections resulting from protective effects of these vaccines.
在1周龄和2周龄时，给火鸡雏鸡接种两种不同芽孢杆菌制剂与三种佐剂（N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺、多杀巴斯德氏菌脂多糖[LPS]和阿弗立定）的组合，在1月龄时通过亚致死剂量暴露于烟曲霉菌分生孢子气溶胶来激发它们的免疫力。与接种用胰蛋白胨透析液（Neo）培养的芽孢杆菌制备的疫苗的火鸡相比，接种用多塞特氏和亨利氏培养基（D&H）上培养的芽孢杆菌制备的疫苗的组中，在激发暴露后2周时，肺部组织中有微生物的火鸡较少。在D&H疫苗组中，多杀巴斯德氏菌的LPS似乎是最有效的佐剂，因为在该组的八只火鸡中只有一只分离出烟曲霉菌；在激发暴露后2周时，每克肺部组织中的微生物数量与其他疫苗组相比很低；并且接种以LPS作为佐剂的D&H疫苗的雏鸡肺部病变比其他组轻。这些肺部病变的差异在激发暴露后2周时比8周时更明显。接种疫苗的火鸡在其他参数方面的唯一差异是，接种D&H制备的疫苗的火鸡的异嗜细胞计数低于未接种疫苗的对照。这可能是由于这些疫苗的保护作用导致感染较轻。
