Fetterer R H, Rhoads M L
Parasite Biology and Epidemiology Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Sciences Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, MD 20705, USA.
Vet Parasitol. 1998 Dec 15;80(1):37-45. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00187-3.
A hemolytic factor from adult Haemonchus contortus caused distinct morphological changes in the surface of sheep red blood cells (RBCs). After a 15 min exposure to the hemolytic factor, hemolysis was not detected in incubation media, but RBCs were spherical in shape with numerous surface projections compared to control cells that were smooth-surfaced biconcave disks. After 30 min, a time at which significant hemolysis occurred, echinocytes were formed, and after 90 min, cells were severely disrupted with many visible holes in membranes. No RBC ghosts were observed. RBCs from four other mammalian species were lysed by the H. contortus hemolytic factor. However, the rate of hemolysis varied with a relative order of sheep approximately rabbit>goat>pig>calf. The morphology of RBCs from all four species was significantly altered after 30 min incubation with the degree of morphological changes related to the degree of hemolysis. These results support the hypothesis that the hemolytic factor acts as a pore-forming agent, although a phospholipase or other enzyme might play a role in solubilization of cell membranes.
来自成年捻转血矛线虫的一种溶血因子可使绵羊红细胞（RBC）表面发生明显的形态变化。在暴露于溶血因子15分钟后，孵育培养基中未检测到溶血现象，但与表面光滑的双凹圆盘状对照细胞相比，红细胞呈球形，表面有许多突起。30分钟后，即发生显著溶血的时间点，棘状红细胞形成，90分钟后，细胞严重破裂，膜上出现许多可见的孔洞。未观察到红细胞影。来自其他四种哺乳动物的红细胞被捻转血矛线虫溶血因子裂解。然而，溶血速率有所不同，相对顺序大致为绵羊＞兔＞山羊＞猪＞小牛。与溶血因子孵育30分钟后，所有四种动物的红细胞形态均发生显著改变，形态变化程度与溶血程度相关。这些结果支持了溶血因子作为成孔剂的假说，尽管磷脂酶或其他酶可能在细胞膜溶解过程中起作用。
