De Carli Geraldo Attilio, Tasca Tiana, Pires Borges Fernanda
Laboratório de Parasitologia Clínica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Vet Res. 2004 Jan-Feb;35(1):123-30. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2003042.
The in vitro hemolytic activity of Tritrichomonas foetus was investigated. The parasite was tested against human erythrocytes of groups A, B, AB, and O, and against erythrocytes of nine adult animals of different species (the rabbit, rat, chicken, cat, dog, swine, horse, bovine, and sheep). The results showed that T. foetus strains (ATCC KV1, K, PAL, 5022, RJ, 90) did not present any hemolytic activity against any human erythrocyte group nor against rabbit, rat, chicken, cat, dog and swine erythrocytes. T. foetus strains, however, lysed horse, bovine, and sheep erythrocytes. No hemolysin released by the parasites could be identified. Hemolysis did not occur with trichomonad culture supernatants, with sonicated extracts of T. foetus, nor with killed organisms. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that human erythrocytes did not adhere to the trophozoites, in contrast horse erythrocytes adhered to the surface of the parasites and were phagocytosed for up to 90 min. The parasites are able to exert their cytopathic effects through: (a) physical contact established between the two cell surfaces, (b) toxins released from parasites into the interaction media, or (c) the association of both mechanisms. Further studies are necessary to clarify the importance of the hemolytic activity in the biology of T. foetus.
对胎儿三毛滴虫的体外溶血活性进行了研究。用该寄生虫对A、B、AB和O型人类红细胞以及9种不同成年动物（兔、大鼠、鸡、猫、狗、猪、马、牛和羊）的红细胞进行了测试。结果表明，胎儿三毛滴虫菌株（ATCC KV1、K、PAL、5022、RJ、90）对任何人类红细胞组以及兔、大鼠、鸡、猫、狗和猪的红细胞均未表现出任何溶血活性。然而，胎儿三毛滴虫菌株可溶解马、牛和羊的红细胞。未鉴定出寄生虫释放的溶血素。滴虫培养上清液、胎儿三毛滴虫的超声提取物以及灭活的生物体均未发生溶血。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示，人类红细胞不粘附于滋养体，相反，马红细胞粘附于寄生虫表面并被吞噬长达90分钟。寄生虫能够通过以下方式发挥其细胞病变作用：（a）两个细胞表面之间建立的物理接触，（b）寄生虫释放到相互作用介质中的毒素，或（c）两种机制的结合。需要进一步研究以阐明溶血活性在胎儿三毛滴虫生物学中的重要性。
