Lounibos L P, Lima D C, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Escher R L, Nishimura N
University of Florida, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Vero Beach 32962, USA.
J Vector Ecol. 1998 Dec;23(2):195-201.
The requirement of more than one blood meal to complete a gonotrophic cycle is reported here to be infrequent among field-collected Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus), including Anopheles darlingi, South America's most important malaria vector. The overall frequencies of host-seeking females that did not develop eggs after one blood feeding were low for Anopheles darlingi (6.6%), Anopheles rondoni (5.0%), and Anopheles triannulatus (2.2%); the majority of wild-caught females that did not develop eggs after one blood meal were nulliparous. Laboratory-reared Anopheles albimanus and Anopheles albitarsis, other species of the same subgenus, were grown on enriched and impoverished larval diets to yield a range of adult sizes and to examine relationships between egg maturation, body size, and blood meal intake. 10.7% of nulliparous An. albimanus and 22.9% of An. albitarsis failed to mature eggs after sugar and one blood meal, and shorter wings and smaller blood meals predisposed females to require multiple blood feeds for egg maturation. Unmated An. albitarsis were significantly more likely than mated females not to develop eggs. Multiple blood meals within a single gonotrophic cycle appear to be less important in the life histories of neotropical Nyssorhynchus species compared to afrotropical malaria vectors.
据报道，在包括南美最重要的疟疾传播媒介达林按蚊（Nyssorhynchus）在内的野外采集的按蚊中，完成一个生殖营养周期需要不止一次吸血的情况并不常见。对于达林按蚊（6.6%）、朗多尼按蚊（5.0%）和三带按蚊（2.2%）而言，单次吸血后未产卵的寻找宿主雌蚊的总体频率较低；大多数单次吸血后未产卵的野生雌蚊为未产过卵的雌蚊。在丰富和匮乏的幼虫饲料上饲养了同一亚属的其他物种——实验室饲养的白跗按蚊和阿尔比塔尔按蚊，以产生一系列成虫大小，并研究卵成熟、体型和吸血量之间的关系。10.7%的未产过卵的白跗按蚊和22.9%的阿尔比塔尔按蚊在取食糖水和一次血液后未能使卵成熟，翅膀较短和吸血量较小使雌蚊更易需要多次吸血才能使卵成熟。未交配的阿尔比塔尔按蚊比已交配的雌蚊更有可能不产卵。与非洲热带疟疾传播媒介相比，在新热带区的尼氏按蚊物种的生活史中，单个生殖营养周期内的多次吸血似乎不那么重要。
