Upshaw C B, Silverman M E
Piedmont Hospital and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jan 5;130(1):58-63. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00011.
In 1899, Karel F. Wenckebach unraveled the complicated arrhythmia that bears his name--one of the most famous eponyms in medicine. He reported his findings before the benefit of clinical electrocardiography or the discovery of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. Born and educated in The Netherlands, Wenckebach first worked in Utrecht in the physiology laboratory of T.W. Engelmann, his respected mentor, where he became familiar with kymographic recordings and rhythm disturbances in frog experiments. He then entered country practice in 1891, where he gained great respect for practicing physicians as well as the importance of clinical experience. In 1896, he returned to Utrecht to work again in the laboratory with Engelmann. In 1898, a woman consulted Wenckebach about her irregular pulse. His investigation of her irregular heart action by using radial arterial pulse tracings and experimental atrial and ventricular pulse tracings from the heart of a frog enabled him to discover the mechanism of partial heart block. In later years, he continued to be a leader in academic medicine, chairing the departments of medicine in Groningen, Strasbourg, and Vienna. He achieved fame for investigating cardiac arrhythmias and other contributions and is considered to be one of the founders of modern cardiology. He is remembered for his insight into atrioventricular conduction, which is as valid today as it was a century ago.
1899年，卡雷尔·F·温克巴赫解开了以他的名字命名的复杂心律失常之谜——这是医学上最著名的以人名命名的病症之一。他在临床心电图技术问世之前，以及在窦房结和房室结被发现之前，就报告了他的研究结果。温克巴赫出生于荷兰并在那里接受教育，他最初在乌得勒支的T.W.恩格尔曼生理学实验室工作，恩格尔曼是他备受尊敬的导师，在那里他熟悉了记纹鼓记录以及青蛙实验中的节律紊乱。1891年，他开始乡村行医，在那里他对执业医生非常敬重，也认识到了临床经验的重要性。1896年，他回到乌得勒支再次与恩格尔曼在实验室工作。1898年，一位女性就她的不规则脉搏向温克巴赫咨询。他通过使用桡动脉脉搏描记图以及青蛙心脏的实验性心房和心室脉搏描记图对她的不规则心脏活动进行研究，从而发现了部分心脏传导阻滞的机制。在后来的岁月里，他一直是学术医学领域的领军人物，先后担任格罗宁根、斯特拉斯堡和维也纳的医学系主任。他因对心律失常的研究以及其他贡献而声名远扬，被认为是现代心脏病学的奠基人之一。他对房室传导的深刻见解至今仍和一个世纪前一样具有价值，人们因此记住了他。
