Shapiro S L, Schwartz G E, Bonner G
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85719, USA.
J Behav Med. 1998 Dec;21(6):581-99. doi: 10.1023/a:1018700829825.
The inability to cope successfully with the enormous stress of medical education may lead to a cascade of consequences at both a personal and professional level. The present study examined the short-term effects of an 8-week meditation-based stress reduction intervention on premedical and medical students using a well-controlled statistical design. Findings indicate that participation in the intervention can effectively (1) reduce self-reported state and trait anxiety, (2) reduce reports of overall psychological distress including depression, (3) increase scores on overall empathy levels, and (4) increase scores on a measure of spiritual experiences assessed at termination of intervention. These results (5) replicated in the wait-list control group, (6) held across different experiments, and (7) were observed during the exam period. Future research should address potential long-term effects of mindfulness training for medical and premedical students.
无法成功应对医学教育带来的巨大压力可能会在个人和职业层面引发一系列后果。本研究采用严格控制的统计设计，考察了一项为期8周、基于冥想的减压干预对医学预科生和医学生的短期影响。研究结果表明，参与该干预能够有效：（1）降低自我报告的状态焦虑和特质焦虑；（2）减少包括抑郁在内的整体心理困扰报告；（3）提高整体同理心水平得分；（4）提高干预结束时评估的精神体验指标得分。这些结果：（5）在候补对照组中得到重复；（6）在不同实验中均成立；（7）在考试期间也被观察到。未来的研究应探讨正念训练对医学预科生和医学生的潜在长期影响。
