Syphilis management and treatment.

Syphilis poses a serious health problem in many developing countries and in some areas of North America and Europe, especially Eastern Europe. This article initially addresses the state of the art regarding the interaction between syphilis and HIV infection and its consequences for management and treatment. Further attention is given to laboratory diagnosis of syphilis and false-positive and false-negative serologic reactions. The diagnosis and management of neurosyphilis, ocular, cardiovascular, and congenital syphilis are addressed, as well as management of syphilis patients allergic to penicillin and the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. Finally, the role of partner(s) and contact tracing is discussed.