Gunning P, Weinberger R, Jeffrey P, Hardeman E
Oncology Research Unit, New Children's Hospital, Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 1998;14:339-72. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.14.1.339.
The generation of isoforms via gene duplication and alternative splicing has been a valuable evolutionary tool for the creation of biological diversity. In addition to the formation of molecules with related but different functional characteristics, it is now apparent that isoforms can be segregated into different intracellular sites within the same cell. Sorting has been observed in a wide range of genes, including those encoding structural molecules, receptors, channels, enzymes, and signaling molecules. This results in the creation of intracellular compartments that (a) can be independently controlled and (b) have different functional properties. The sorting mechanisms are likely to operate at the level of both proteins and mRNAs. Isoform sorting may be an important consequence of the evolution of isoforms and is likely to have contributed to the diversity of functional properties within groups of isoforms.
通过基因复制和可变剪接产生异构体一直是创造生物多样性的一种有价值的进化工具。除了形成具有相关但不同功能特征的分子外，现在很明显，异构体可以在同一细胞内被分隔到不同的细胞内位点。在广泛的基因中都观察到了分选现象，包括那些编码结构分子、受体、通道、酶和信号分子的基因。这导致了细胞内区室的形成，这些区室（a）可以被独立控制，（b）具有不同的功能特性。分选机制可能在蛋白质和mRNA水平上都起作用。异构体分选可能是异构体进化的一个重要结果，并且可能促成了异构体群体内功能特性的多样性。
