线索诱导的可卡因渴望期间的边缘系统激活。
Limbic activation during cue-induced cocaine craving.
作者信息
Childress A R, Mozley P D, McElgin W, Fitzgerald J, Reivich M, O'Brien C P
机构信息
Addiction Treatment Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
出版信息
Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Jan;156(1):11-8. doi: 10.1176/ajp.156.1.11.
OBJECTIVE
Since signals for cocaine induce limbic brain activation in animals and cocaine craving in humans, the objective of this study was to test whether limbic activation occurs during cue-induced craving in humans.
METHOD
Using positron emission tomography, the researchers measured relative regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in limbic and comparison brain regions of 14 detoxified male cocaine users and six cocaine-naive comparison subjects during exposure to both non-drug-related and cocaine-related videos and during resting baseline conditions.
RESULTS
During the cocaine video, the cocaine users experienced craving and showed a pattern of increases in limbic (amygdala and anterior cingulate) CBF and decreases in basal ganglia CBF relative to their responses to the non-drug video. This pattern did not occur in the cocaine-naive comparison subjects, and the two groups did not differ in their responses in the comparison regions (i.e., the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, thalamus, and visual cortex).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate that limbic activation is one component of cue-induced cocaine craving. Limbic activation may be similarly involved in appetitive craving for other drugs and for natural rewards.
目的
由于可卡因信号在动物中会诱发边缘脑区激活，在人类中会引发对可卡因的渴望，本研究的目的是测试在人类中线索诱发的渴望期间是否会发生边缘脑区激活。
方法
研究人员使用正电子发射断层扫描技术，在14名戒毒男性可卡因使用者和6名未接触过可卡因的对照受试者观看与毒品无关和与可卡因相关的视频期间以及静息基线状态下，测量他们边缘脑区和对照脑区的相对局部脑血流量（CBF）。
结果
在观看可卡因视频期间，与观看非毒品视频时相比，可卡因使用者出现了渴望，并且呈现出边缘脑区（杏仁核和前扣带回）CBF增加以及基底神经节CBF减少的模式。未接触过可卡因的对照受试者未出现这种模式，并且两组在对照脑区（即背外侧前额叶皮层、小脑、丘脑和视觉皮层）的反应没有差异。
结论
这些发现表明边缘脑区激活是线索诱发的可卡因渴望的一个组成部分。边缘脑区激活可能同样参与对其他药物和自然奖励的欲望渴求。
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