Wise R A
Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1996 Apr;6(2):243-51. doi: 10.1016/s0959-4388(96)80079-1.
Addictive drugs have habit-forming actions that can be localized to a variety of brain regions. Recent advances in our understanding of the chemical 'trigger zones' in which individual drugs of abuse initiate their habit-forming actions have revealed that such disparate drugs as heroin, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, phencyclidine, and cannabis activate common reward circuitry in the brain. Although these drugs have many actions that are distinct, their habit-forming actions (and perhaps the relevant elements of their disparate withdrawal symptoms) appear to have a common denominator, namely, similar effects in the brain mechanisms of reward.
成瘾性药物具有可定位于多种脑区的成瘾作用。我们对化学“触发区”的理解取得了新进展，在这些区域中，各种滥用药物引发其成瘾作用，这表明海洛因、可卡因、尼古丁、酒精、苯环己哌啶和大麻等截然不同的药物会激活大脑中共同的奖赏回路。尽管这些药物有许多不同的作用，但其成瘾作用（或许还有其不同戒断症状的相关因素）似乎有一个共同特征，即在大脑奖赏机制中产生相似的效果。
