Paulsen K
Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1976 Feb 8;212(1):35-41. doi: 10.1007/BF00456361.
In skull bone and septum cartilage holes were bored with rose trepans and diamond cutters of various sizes (2-20) and at different revolutions (5,000-42,0000 rev/min) with and without the use of cooling fluid. The specimens were examined histologically. Borings with rose trepans without cooling fluid cause sometimes considerable heat lesions up to a depth of 30 mu. Bone shows the more severe lesions. The use of cooling fluid reduces the damage quite considerably (burns zone up to a maximum depth of 12 mu). In the normal range of up to 10,000 rev/min practically no heat lesions occur. In the high range above 20,000 rev/min the lesions are often only plaque-shaped. Water jet or spray cooling is superior to droplet cooling. Diamond cutters cause more severe lesions. Boring and grinding in the highest range (up to 300,000 rev/min) without cooling fluid cause very deep burns (up to 56 mu),
在颅骨和鼻中隔软骨上，使用各种尺寸（2 - 20）的玫瑰形钻和金刚石切割器，以不同转速（5000 - 420000转/分钟）钻孔，钻孔时有的使用冷却液，有的不使用。对标本进行组织学检查。不使用冷却液用玫瑰形钻钻孔有时会造成深度达30微米的相当严重的热损伤。骨组织显示出更严重的损伤。使用冷却液可大大减少损伤（烧伤区域最大深度达12微米）。在高达10000转/分钟的正常转速范围内，实际上不会出现热损伤。在高于20000转/分钟的高转速范围内，损伤通常仅呈斑块状。水射流或喷雾冷却优于液滴冷却。金刚石切割器造成的损伤更严重。在最高转速范围（高达300000转/分钟）下不使用冷却液进行钻孔和磨削会导致非常深的烧伤（达56微米）。
