An S, Goetzl E J, Lee H
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0711, USA.
J Cell Biochem Suppl. 1998;30-31:147-57.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are potent phospholipid mediators with diverse biological activities. Their appearance and functional properties suggest possible roles in development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. The growth-stimulating and other complex biological activities of LPA and S1P are attributable in part to the activation of multiple G protein-mediated intracellular signaling pathways. Several heterotrimeric G proteins, as well as Ras- and Rho-dependent pathways play central roles in the cellular responses to LPA and S1P. Recently, several G protein-coupled receptors encoded by a family of endothelial differentiation genes (edg) have been shown to bind LPA or S1P and transduce responses of cAMP, Ca2+, MAP kinases, Rho, and gene transcription. This review summarizes our current understanding of signaling pathways critical for cellular responses to LPA and S1P and of recent progress in the molecular biological analyses of the Edg receptors.
溶血磷脂酸（LPA）和1-磷酸鞘氨醇（S1P）是具有多种生物活性的强效磷脂介质。它们的出现和功能特性表明其在发育、伤口愈合及组织再生中可能发挥作用。LPA和S1P的生长刺激及其他复杂生物活性部分归因于多种G蛋白介导的细胞内信号通路的激活。几种异源三聚体G蛋白以及Ras和Rho依赖性通路在细胞对LPA和S1P的反应中起核心作用。最近，已证明由内皮分化基因（edg）家族编码的几种G蛋白偶联受体可结合LPA或S1P并转导cAMP、Ca2+、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAP激酶）、Rho和基因转录的反应。本综述总结了我们目前对细胞对LPA和S1P反应至关重要的信号通路的理解以及Edg受体分子生物学分析的最新进展。
