Wilkins J R, Engelhardt H L, Rublaitus S M, Crawford J M, Fisher J L, Bean T L
Division of Epidemiology and Biometrics, School of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1999 Feb;35(2):150-63. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199902)35:2<150::aid-ajim7>3.0.co;2-5.
The prevalence of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, dyspnea, and non-cold wheeze was estimated from a mixed-mode survey of Ohio cash grain farmers in 1993.
Personal characteristics of the principal operators (POs) such as age and cigarette smoking, in addition to selected farm characteristics and relevant medical and work history factors potentially associated with both exposure to respiratory irritants and subsequent respiratory symptoms were considered.
The overall design-adjusted prevalences (and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were: 9.4% (7.6-11.1%) for chronic cough, 10.8% (9.0-12.6%) for chronic phlegm, 16.2% (14.1-18.3%) for dyspnea, and 8.1% (6.4-9.8%) for non-cold wheeze. In univariate and multivariate analyses, smoking status was found, not surprisingly, to be the strongest predictor of increased symptom prevalence compared to all other factors. Other non-occupational factors found associated with increased symptom prevalence include age (cough, phlegm, dyspnea) and pet allergy (non-cold wheeze). Occupational factors found at least weakly associated with increased symptom prevalence include lifetime hours of cab tractor operation (cough); percent time spent farming (phlegm); having livestock other than cattle, cows, and calves (dyspnea); acres of corn for silage or green chop (cough); acres of alfalfa hay (non-cold wheeze); and personal involvement with pesticides (cough).
Symptom prevalences reported here are consistent with previous findings from studies of other groups of farmers. Results pertaining to factors found associated with symptom prevalences should be interpreted in light of several sources of potential bias.
1993年通过对俄亥俄州经济作物种植农户的混合模式调查，估算了慢性咳嗽、慢性咳痰、呼吸困难和非感冒引起的喘息的患病率。
考虑了主要经营者（POs）的个人特征，如年龄和吸烟情况，以及选定的农场特征和与接触呼吸道刺激物及随后出现的呼吸道症状潜在相关的相关医疗和工作史因素。
经总体设计调整后的患病率（及相应的95%置信区间[CIs]）为：慢性咳嗽9.4%（7.6 - 11.1%），慢性咳痰10.8%（9.0 - 12.6%），呼吸困难16.2%（14.1 - 18.3%），非感冒引起的喘息8.1%（6.4 - 9.8%）。在单因素和多因素分析中，不出所料，与所有其他因素相比，吸烟状况是症状患病率增加的最强预测因素。发现与症状患病率增加相关的其他非职业因素包括年龄（咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难）和宠物过敏（非感冒引起的喘息）。发现至少与症状患病率增加有弱关联的职业因素包括驾驶室拖拉机操作的终生时长（咳嗽）；从事农业的时间百分比（咳痰）；饲养除牛、奶牛和小牛以外的牲畜（呼吸困难）；青贮或青刈玉米种植面积（咳嗽）；苜蓿干草种植面积（非感冒引起的喘息）；以及个人接触农药情况（咳嗽）。
此处报告的症状患病率与之前其他农户群体的研究结果一致。应根据几种潜在偏差来源来解释与症状患病率相关因素的结果。
