Milby T H, Baselt R C
Chemical Toxicology Institute, Foster City, California, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1999 Feb;35(2):192-5. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199902)35:2<192::aid-ajim11>3.0.co;2-c.
Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic gas about which much has been written. We discuss here several issues we believe would benefit from further clarification.
We conclude that: 1) Certain neurotoxic effects of exposure are probably due to a direct toxic effect on the brain, while others are almost certainly a result of hypoxia secondary to H2S-induced respiratory insufficiency; 2) pulmonary edema is a common consequence of poisoning and there is suggestive evidence of hyperactive airway responses in some individuals following brief H2S-induced unconsciousness (knockdown); 3) criteria for acceptable community levels are very different than those governing occupational standards; 4) urinary thiosulfate determinations can be useful for monitoring occupational exposure; and 5) determination of sulfide ion concentrations in blood or major organs can be useful in corroborating a diagnosis of fatal H2S toxicity, but there are many pitfalls in collecting, storing, and analyzing tissue and fluid samples.
硫化氢是一种已有大量相关著述的有毒气体。在此，我们讨论几个我们认为需要进一步阐明的问题。
我们得出以下结论：1）接触硫化氢的某些神经毒性作用可能是由于对大脑的直接毒性作用，而其他一些作用几乎肯定是硫化氢诱导的呼吸功能不全继发缺氧的结果；2）肺水肿是中毒的常见后果，并且有提示性证据表明，一些个体在短暂的硫化氢诱导昏迷（击倒）后存在气道高反应性；3）可接受的社区水平标准与职业标准有很大不同；4）尿中硫代硫酸盐测定可用于监测职业接触；5）血液或主要器官中硫化物离子浓度的测定有助于证实致命性硫化氢中毒的诊断，但在采集、储存和分析组织及液体样本方面存在许多陷阱。
