Kaiser U B
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Mol Cells. 1998 Dec 31;8(6):647-56.
Luteinizing (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) hormones regulate gonadal function and gametogenesis, and are critical for normal sexual maturation and reproductive function. LH and FSH are synthesized and secreted from pituitary gonadotropes under the regulation of the hypothalamic peptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH is released from the hypothalamus in a pulsatile fashion, with the frequency of release varying with the stage of development and throughout the menstrual or estrous cycle. Different pulse frequencies regulate differentially LH and FSH biosynthesis and secretion. Varying cell surface densities of GnRHR result in the differential regulation of LH and FSH subunit gene expression by GnRH. This suggests that the in vivo effects of different GnRH pulse frequencies may, in turn, be mediated by varying cell surface GnRHR concentrations. Several DNA elements and transcription factors have been identified that appear to be involved in mediating the effects of GnRH on gonadotropin subunit gene transcription.
促黄体生成素（LH）和促卵泡生成素（FSH）调节性腺功能和配子发生，对正常性成熟和生殖功能至关重要。LH和FSH在下丘脑肽促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）的调节下，由垂体促性腺细胞合成和分泌。GnRH以下丘脑脉冲式释放，释放频率随发育阶段以及整个月经周期或发情周期而变化。不同的脉冲频率对LH和FSH的生物合成及分泌有不同的调节作用。GnRHR细胞表面密度的变化导致GnRH对LH和FSH亚基基因表达的差异调节。这表明不同GnRH脉冲频率的体内效应可能反过来由细胞表面GnRHR浓度的变化介导。已经鉴定出几种DNA元件和转录因子，它们似乎参与介导GnRH对促性腺激素亚基基因转录的作用。
