社区获得性呼吸道感染患者中的流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌：来自哨兵抗菌监测计划（美国和加拿大，1997年）的抗菌药物敏感性模式
Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections: antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from the SENTRY antimicrobial Surveillance Program (United States and Canada, 1997).
作者信息
Doern G V, Jones R N, Pfaller M A, Kugler K
机构信息
Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
出版信息
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Feb;43(2):385-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.43.2.385.
Abstract
Between February and June of 1997, a large number of community-acquired respiratory tract isolates of Haemophilus influenzae (n = 1,077) and Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 503) from 27 U.S. and 7 Canadian medical centers were characterized as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Overall prevalences of beta-lactamase production were 33.5% in H. influenzae and 92.2% in M. catarrhalis with no differences noted between isolates recovered in the United States and those from Canada. Among a total of 21 different antimicrobial agents tested, including six cephalosporins, a beta-lactamase inhibitor combination, three macrolides, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), rifampin, chloramphenicol, five fluoroquinolones, and quinupristin-dalfopristin, resistance rates of > 5% with H. influenzae were observed only with cefaclor (12.8%) and TMP-SMX (16.2%).
摘要
1997年2月至6月期间，作为哨兵抗菌监测计划的一部分，对来自美国27个和加拿大7个医疗中心的大量社区获得性流感嗜血杆菌（n = 1077）和卡他莫拉菌（n = 503）呼吸道分离株进行了特征分析。流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌中β-内酰胺酶产生的总体发生率分别为33.5%和92.2%，在美国分离株和加拿大分离株之间未发现差异。在总共测试的21种不同抗菌药物中，包括6种头孢菌素、1种β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合、3种大环内酯类、四环素、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（TMP-SMX）、利福平、氯霉素、5种氟喹诺酮类和奎奴普丁-达福普汀，仅在头孢克洛（12.8%）和TMP-SMX（16.2%）中观察到流感嗜血杆菌的耐药率>5%。
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