O'Mara W, Amedee R G
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University in New Orleans, USA.
J La State Med Soc. 1998 Dec;150(12):570-3.
Developmental abnormalities of the branchial apparatus represent a common cause of congenital lateral neck mass. Most often this is seen in the pediatric population but certainly may present at a much later age. The branchial apparatus contributes to major development of the head and neck, and a thorough understanding of embryology and anatomy is essential in treating these patients. Branchial anomalies may present as a cyst, sinus, or fistula; infection frequently complicates successful long-term management. Most often these lesions can be diagnosed by thorough history and physical examination. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice; however, recurrences may be encountered especially in those patients with a history of prior surgery or local infection.
鳃器发育异常是先天性侧颈部肿块的常见原因。这种情况最常出现在儿童群体中，但在较晚年龄也可能出现。鳃器对头颈部的主要发育有重要作用，全面了解胚胎学和解剖学对于治疗这些患者至关重要。鳃器异常可能表现为囊肿、窦道或瘘管；感染常常使长期成功管理变得复杂。大多数情况下，通过详细的病史和体格检查可以诊断这些病变。完整的手术切除是首选治疗方法；然而，尤其是有既往手术史或局部感染史的患者可能会出现复发。
