Conzelmann K K
Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Tübingen, Germany.
Annu Rev Genet. 1998;32:123-62. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.32.1.123.
Protocols to recover negative-stand RNA viruses entirely from cDNA have been established in recent years, opening up this virus group to the detailed analysis of molecular genetics and virus biology. The unique gene-expression strategy of nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses, which involves replication of ribonucleoprotein complexes and sequential synthesis of free mRNAs, has also allowed the use of these viruses to express heterologous sequences. There are advantages in terms of easy manipulation of constructs, high capacity for foreign sequences, genetically stable expression, and the possibility of adjusting expression levels. Fascinating prospects for biomedical applications and transient gene therapy are offered by chimeric virus vectors carrying novel envelope protein genes and targeted to defined host cells.
近年来已建立了从互补脱氧核糖核酸（cDNA）中完全恢复负链RNA病毒的方案，从而使这一病毒群体能够进行分子遗传学和病毒生物学的详细分析。非节段性负链RNA病毒独特的基因表达策略，包括核糖核蛋白复合体的复制和游离信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的顺序合成，这也使得能够利用这些病毒来表达异源序列。在构建体易于操作、对外源序列容纳能力高、遗传稳定性表达以及调节表达水平的可能性方面具有优势。携带新型包膜蛋白基因并靶向特定宿主细胞的嵌合病毒载体为生物医学应用和瞬时基因治疗提供了迷人的前景。
