Kraus J
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1976 Summer;22(2):112-9. doi: 10.1177/002076407602200206.
The study was concerned with the relevance of the judicial concept of general deterrence of juvenile delinquency. A comparison of attitudes of high-school boys, in areas of low and high delinquency, towards the likelihood of apprehension and the painfulness of punishment for criminal offences, and of the boys' factual knowledge of judicial punishment, did not support the hypothesis that potential juvenile offenders are deterred by fear of apprehension and punishment, or by having an objective knowledge of penal measures. The attitudes of the boys were found to vary with different combinations of socio-economic status and delinquency levels in their geographic areas. The findings were discussed in the light of the relevant literature. It was concluded that prevention of juvenile delinquency should be based on the acquisition of appropriate social values at home and in school, and not on fear of judicial retribution.
该研究关注的是少年犯罪一般威慑司法概念的相关性。对少年犯罪率低和高的地区的高中男生，就刑事犯罪被逮捕的可能性和惩罚的痛苦程度的态度，以及对司法惩罚的实际了解情况进行比较后发现，这并不支持以下假设：潜在的少年犯罪者会因害怕被逮捕和惩罚，或因对刑罚措施有客观认识而受到威慑。研究发现，这些男生的态度因社会经济地位和所在地区少年犯罪率水平的不同组合而有所差异。根据相关文献对研究结果进行了讨论。得出的结论是，预防少年犯罪应基于在家庭和学校获得适当的社会价值观，而非基于对司法报应的恐惧。
