Braunewell K H, Gundelfinger E D
Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, PO Box 1860, D-39008 Magdeburg, Germany.
Cell Tissue Res. 1999 Jan;295(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/s004410051207.
Intracellular neuronal calcium sensors (NCS) constitute a rapidly growing family of calcium-binding proteins which belong to the superfamily of EF-hand proteins. The NCS family includes as subgroups the recoverins and GCAPs (guanylyl cyclase-activating proteins), which are primarily expressed in retinal photoreceptor cells, and the frequenins and VILIPs (visinin-like proteins), which are widely but differentially expressed in the nervous system. In this review the recent developments in elucidating the functional activities of NCS proteins on signal transduction pathways in neurons are surveyed and discussed. We will focus our attention on calcium-dependent membrane association by the so-called calcium-myristoyl switch as a possible mechanism of signal transduction and on the roles of NCS proteins in intraneuronal signaling cascades, which are best studied in the visual and olfactory systems.
细胞内神经元钙传感器（NCS）构成了一个快速增长的钙结合蛋白家族，属于EF手蛋白超家族。NCS家族包括作为亚组的恢复蛋白和鸟苷酸环化酶激活蛋白（GCAP），它们主要在视网膜光感受器细胞中表达，以及频率蛋白和视锥蛋白样蛋白（VILIP），它们在神经系统中广泛但差异表达。在这篇综述中，我们调查并讨论了在阐明NCS蛋白对神经元信号转导途径的功能活性方面的最新进展。我们将把注意力集中在通过所谓的钙-肉豆蔻酰开关实现的钙依赖性膜结合上，这是一种可能的信号转导机制，以及NCS蛋白在神经元内信号级联反应中的作用，这在视觉和嗅觉系统中研究得最为深入。
