Cojocaru S, Cojocaru R
U.M.F. Carol Davila, Bucureşti.
Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 1998 Jul-Sep;43(3):139-45.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological particularity of pediatrics nosocomial HIV infection. Our study group consists of 167 HIV serum-positive nonmaternally infected children who died of AIDS in 1990-1997 (inclusive) in Colentina Hospital of Infections Diseases--Bucharest. Fifty per cent of institutionalized children and 28% of family children died in the first two years of life. About 80% of children were revealed too late as HIV infected. It has been observed a relatively high prevalence values for: multiple or recurrent pneumonia--74.8%, recurrent or chronic diarrhea--87.4%, encephalopathy--65.8%, weight-growth deficiency--100%, disseminated or extrapulmonary tuberculosis--13.8%, HBsAg carriage--59.8%; and low prevalence values for: lymphoid interstitial pneumonia--16.5%, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--11.4%, cytomegalovirus diseases--1.8%, cryptosporidiosis--1.8%. The evolution of HIV infection (weight-growth deficiency and encephalopathy) were aggravated in hospitalised children (especially, in the first two years of life). Nutrition and hygiene care factors positively influence the evolution of HIV infection. Multiple or recurrent pneumonia are out of an important prognostic value in the appreciation of SIDA evolution. The incidence and severity of tuberculosis increased at older children. The too late diagnostic of HIV infection had unfavourable influence upon the life expectancy of children.
本研究的目的是评估儿科医院获得性HIV感染的临床和流行病学特点。我们的研究组由1990年至1997年（含）在布加勒斯特科伦蒂纳传染病医院死于艾滋病的167例非母婴感染的HIV血清阳性儿童组成。50%的住院儿童和28%的家庭儿童在生命的头两年死亡。约80%的儿童被发现感染HIV时已为时过晚。观察到以下疾病的患病率相对较高：多发性或复发性肺炎——74.8%，复发性或慢性腹泻——87.4%，脑病——65.8%，体重增长不足——100%，播散性或肺外结核——13.8%，HBsAg携带——59.8%；而以下疾病的患病率较低：淋巴样间质性肺炎——16.5%，卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎——11.4%，巨细胞病毒病——1.8%，隐孢子虫病——1.8%。住院儿童（尤其是在生命的头两年）中HIV感染的进展（体重增长不足和脑病）更为严重。营养和卫生保健因素对HIV感染的进展有积极影响。多发性或复发性肺炎在评估艾滋病进展方面具有重要的预后价值。结核病的发病率和严重程度在年龄较大的儿童中有所增加。对HIV感染诊断过晚对儿童的预期寿命有不利影响。
