Andermahr J, Helling H J, Landwehr P, Fischbach R, Koebke J, Rehm K E
Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Medizinischen Einrichtungen der Universität zu Kölń, Germany.
Surg Radiol Anat. 1998;20(6):419-23. doi: 10.1007/BF01653134.
An anatomic study of the lateral extraosseous and intraosseous arterial supply of the calcaneus and the lateral soft tissue was carried out on 10 fresh lower adult cadaver legs using different anatomic and radiologic procedures (plastination, modified Spalteholz clearing technique, digital subtraction and rotational angiography and computed tomographic angiography). Consistent patterns of extraosseous and intraosseous lateral calcaneal vascular anatomy were demonstrated. The lateral calcaneal artery is a branch of the anterior tibial artery which crosses over the calcaneal tuberosity and forms a large lateral arch with the lateral tarsal artery which is a branch of the dorsalis pedis artery. The intraosseous circulation is supplied laterally by the lateral calcanear artery, medially via the short branches of the lateral plantar artery. Comparing magnet resonance images after fresh calcaneal fractures the lateral calcanear artery may be interrupted by the impacted lateral bulge, by the conventional lateral surgical approach, or by applying a lateral osteosynthesis plate. This may cause avascular bone necrosis. Furthermore the lateral calcanear artery can clinically serve as a vascular pedicle for a local rotational skin flap to cover soft tissue defects of the heel.
采用不同的解剖学和放射学方法（塑化、改良的施帕尔茨清除技术、数字减影和旋转血管造影以及计算机断层血管造影），对10条新鲜的成年下肢尸体小腿进行了跟骨外侧骨外和骨内动脉供应以及外侧软组织的解剖学研究。结果显示了跟骨外侧骨外和骨内血管解剖的一致模式。跟骨外侧动脉是胫前动脉的一个分支，它跨过跟骨结节，并与跗外侧动脉形成一个大的外侧弓，跗外侧动脉是足背动脉的一个分支。骨内循环由跟骨外侧动脉从外侧供应，由足底外侧动脉的短分支从内侧供应。对比新鲜跟骨骨折后的磁共振图像发现，跟骨外侧动脉可能会被移位的外侧骨块、传统的外侧手术入路或应用外侧接骨板所中断。这可能会导致缺血性骨坏死。此外，跟骨外侧动脉在临床上可作为局部旋转皮瓣的血管蒂，用于覆盖足跟部的软组织缺损。
