Experimental animal models of traumatic brain injury: medical and biomechanical mechanism.

The numerous traumatic brain injury models were designed to study the nature of the human brain injury. The properties of six experimental injury models were reviewed in this article. Weight-drop models with or without skull protection were compared in terms of experimental setup, possible error source, and biomechanical prospect. The modified percussion models with or without rigid cortical impact were contrasted with regard to reliability, histopathological production, and deformation. The focal contusion model by mechanical suction force represented isolated cortical injury without compression brain injury. As a class of traumatic brain injury, brain retraction damage was reviewed in this article.