Pugnaire M P, Leong S L, Quirk M E, Mazor K, Gray J M
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA.
Acad Med. 1999 Jan;74(1 Suppl):S90-7. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199901001-00038.
In 1995 as part of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Generalist Physician Initiative, the University of Massachusetts (UMass) Medical School developed the "standardized family" as a new model for teaching the essential elements of primary care in a core curriculum format outside of the clinical setting. Using this model, a hypothetical family unit (the "McQ Family") serves as the focus for case-based clinical problem solving. This paper describes the standardized family model and provides two years of evaluation outcomes such as curriculum assessments, student performance outcomes, and correlation with external measures of clinical performance to support the effectiveness of this educational model. It discusses the transferability of the standardized family model from UMass Medical School to Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and uses Pennsylvania State's adaptation (the "Hershey-Penn Family") to illustrate how the standardized family can be customized to integrate a core curriculum into a three-year longitudinal primary care program. The authors suggest that the standardized family model has the potential to meet a broad range of primary care teaching needs at other institutions.
1995年，作为罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会全科医生倡议的一部分，马萨诸塞大学医学院开发了“标准化家庭”，作为一种在临床环境之外以核心课程形式教授初级保健基本要素的新模式。使用这种模式，一个假设的家庭单元（“麦丘家庭”）成为基于案例的临床问题解决的焦点。本文描述了标准化家庭模式，并提供了两年的评估结果，如课程评估、学生成绩结果，以及与临床成绩外部指标的相关性，以支持这种教育模式的有效性。它讨论了标准化家庭模式从马萨诸塞大学医学院向宾夕法尼亚州立大学医学院的可转移性，并使用宾夕法尼亚州立大学的改编版（“好时-宾夕法尼亚家庭”）来说明如何定制标准化家庭，以便将核心课程纳入一个为期三年的纵向初级保健项目。作者认为，标准化家庭模式有潜力满足其他机构广泛的初级保健教学需求。
