Velcek F T, Coopersmith I S, Chen C K, Kassner E G, Klotz D H, kottmeier P K
J Pediatr Surg. 1976 Oct;11(5):781-7. doi: 10.1016/0022-3468(76)90103-2.
Most colonic polyps in children are of the juvenile type and occur either as single or scattered colonic polyps. The peak incidence occurs between 4 and 6 yr of age, with a spontaneous decline from 12 to 15 yr. Significant clinical symptoms are rare, and operative therapy is rarely indicated. Diffuse colonic juvenile polyposis, however, varies with different clinical, prognostic, and genetic implications. In infancy, colonic polyposis may be associated with diffuse gastrointestinal involvement leading to fatal complications unless treated aggressively. In childhood, colonic polyposis can occur with a genetic variance with an increased incidence of familial intestinal malignancies. Colonic polyposis in childhood, both familial and nonfamilial, can present with a mixed form of juvenile and adenomatous polyposis. In children with colonic polyposis, the biopsy of a single polyp that reveals the histologic appearance of a juvenile polyp does not rule out the simultaneous existence of adenomatous polyps.
儿童的大多数结肠息肉为幼年型，可表现为单个或散在的结肠息肉。发病高峰年龄在4至6岁之间，12至15岁时发病率会自发下降。明显的临床症状罕见，很少需要手术治疗。然而，弥漫性结肠幼年性息肉病具有不同的临床、预后和遗传意义。在婴儿期，结肠息肉病可能与弥漫性胃肠道受累有关，若不积极治疗可导致致命并发症。在儿童期，结肠息肉病可因遗传差异而发生，家族性肠道恶性肿瘤的发病率会增加。儿童期的结肠息肉病，无论是家族性还是非家族性的，都可能呈现幼年性和腺瘤性息肉病的混合形式。在患有结肠息肉病的儿童中，单个息肉活检显示为幼年性息肉的组织学表现，并不能排除同时存在腺瘤性息肉的可能性。
