Ultrasound in the assessment of vascular function.

The study of circulatory function is fundamental to the understanding of many physiological processes and pathological conditions, and has been greatly advanced by developments in the use of ultrasound. Transcutaneous measurement of blood velocity has been made possible by the use of Doppler shift methods, and many methods of spectral analysis have been developed. Blood volumetric and flow profiles can be achieved through the use of range-gated pulsed Doppler systems. A combination of Doppler velocimetry, pressure measurements and volumetric visualisations provide a powerful alternative to more conventional investigations like arteriography. Current developments indicate that the use of ultrasound in investigating vascular function is cost effective.