Zlotnik A, Morales J, Hedrick J A
DNAX Research Institute, USA.
Crit Rev Immunol. 1999;19(1):1-47.
Chemokines are a superfamily of small cytokine-like molecules which have been described primarily on the basis of their ability to mediate the migration of verious cell types, particularly those of lymphoid origin. The receptors for these molecules are all seven-transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptors that have historically been excellent targets for small-molecule drugs. This fact, coupled with the advent of large-scale DNA database mining and the recognition that chemokine receptors are also coreceptors for HIV, has driven discovery in this field at a tremendous rate. This process has included not just an expansion of the number of known chemokines and chemokine receptors, but also a greater appreciation for the variety of functions that chemokines are involved in. We review here the molecules that have come from the most recent years of chemokine research as well as many of the new functions that have been ascribed to them.
趋化因子是一类小细胞因子样分子的超家族，最初主要是根据它们介导各种细胞类型（特别是淋巴样起源的细胞）迁移的能力来描述的。这些分子的受体都是七跨膜结构域G蛋白偶联受体，从历史上看，它们一直是小分子药物的理想靶点。这一事实，再加上大规模DNA数据库挖掘的出现以及认识到趋化因子受体也是HIV的共受体，极大地推动了该领域的发现。这个过程不仅包括已知趋化因子和趋化因子受体数量的增加，还包括对趋化因子所涉及的各种功能有了更深入的认识。我们在此回顾近年来趋化因子研究中出现的分子以及赋予它们的许多新功能。
