Garcia D, Smith R G
Department of Behavior Analysis, University of North Texas, Denton 76203, USA.
Res Dev Disabil. 1999 Jan-Feb;20(1):1-21. doi: 10.1016/s0891-4222(98)00028-6.
Naltrexone (NLTX), an opiate receptor antagonist, has been prescribed as a pharmacological intervention for the treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB). Previous research has investigated NLTX's effects in the absence of information about the role of environmental events related to SIB. This study extended previous analyses by administering NLTX on analog baselines using a double-blind, placebo-controlled reversal design. Pretreatment functional analysis results showed that the SIB of the two participants occurred in more that one assessment condition. For one participant NLTX produced slight reductions in SIB across baseline conditions. The second participant's results showed that NLTX reduced head-slapping occurring during demand sessions, but had no apparent effect on head-banging occurring during alone and demand sessions. These outcomes suggest that NLTX may have function- and/or response-specific treatment effects. The potential utility of this model as a general method for assessing pharmacological interventions, as well as other implications and limitations, are discussed.
纳曲酮（NLTX）是一种阿片受体拮抗剂，已被用作治疗自伤行为（SIB）的药物干预手段。以往的研究在未涉及与自伤行为相关的环境事件作用信息的情况下，对纳曲酮的效果进行了调查。本研究通过采用双盲、安慰剂对照的反转设计，在模拟基线条件下施用纳曲酮，扩展了以往的分析。预处理功能分析结果表明，两名参与者的自伤行为在不止一种评估条件下出现。对于一名参与者，纳曲酮在各基线条件下使自伤行为略有减少。第二名参与者的结果显示，纳曲酮减少了指令环节中出现的打头行为，但对独处和指令环节中出现的撞头行为没有明显影响。这些结果表明，纳曲酮可能具有功能和/或反应特异性的治疗效果。本文讨论了该模型作为评估药物干预的通用方法的潜在效用，以及其他影响和局限性。
