Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2018 Dec;62(12):1108-1113. doi: 10.1111/jir.12430. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) is generally considered to be the product of interactions between dysfunction stemming from the primary developmental disability and experiences that occasion and reinforce SIB. As a result of these complex interactions, SIB presents as a heterogeneous problem. Recent research delineating subtypes of SIB that are nonsocially mediated, including one that is amenable to change and one that is highly invariant, enables classification of SIB across a broader continuum of relative environmental-biological influence. Directly examining how the functional classes of SIB differ has the potential to structure research, will improve our understanding this problem, and lead to more targeted behavioural and pharmacological interventions. Recognising that SIB is not a single entity but is composed of distinct functional classes would better align research with conceptual models that view SIB as the product of interactions between environmental and biological variables.
自伤行为（SIB）通常被认为是主要发育障碍引起的功能障碍与引发和强化 SIB 的经历相互作用的产物。由于这些复杂的相互作用，SIB 呈现出一种异质的问题。最近的研究描述了非社交介导的 SIB 亚型，包括一种可改变的和一种高度不变的 SIB 亚型，这使得 SIB 在更广泛的相对环境-生物影响连续体上得到分类。直接研究 SIB 的功能类别如何不同，有可能对研究进行结构化，提高我们对这一问题的理解，并导致更有针对性的行为和药物干预。认识到 SIB 不是单一实体，而是由不同的功能类别组成，将使研究与将 SIB 视为环境和生物变量相互作用产物的概念模型更好地保持一致。
