Cohen M A, Huband M D
Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105-2495, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;33(1):43-6. doi: 10.1016/s0732-8893(98)00121-7.
Isolations of Staphylococcus aureus strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin are now being reported worldwide. In testing here by broth microdilution according to NCCLS guidelines and applying vancomycin breakpoint criteria (susceptible at 4 micrograms/mL), two of three strains were susceptible (MICs at 4 micrograms/mL) rather than intermediate (MICs at 8 micrograms/mL) as previously reported by other laboratories. Clinafloxacin was more active (MICs/MBCs at 0.5 to 2 micrograms/mL) than ciprofloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and sparfloxacin. Trovafloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were the next most active agents, although quinupristin/dalfopristin was bactericidal against only two of these three strains. Amikacin, imipenem, oxacillin, and rifampin were less active.
目前全球都在报道对万古霉素敏感性降低的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的分离情况。按照美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）指南通过肉汤微量稀释法进行检测，并应用万古霉素断点标准（4微克/毫升时敏感），在检测的三株菌株中，有两株是敏感的（最低抑菌浓度为4微克/毫升），而不是如其他实验室先前报道的为中介（最低抑菌浓度为8微克/毫升）。克林沙星比环丙沙星、格帕沙星、左氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星和司帕沙星更具活性（最低抑菌浓度/最低杀菌浓度为0.5至2微克/毫升）。曲伐沙星、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑和奎奴普丁/达福普汀是其次活性最高的药物，不过奎奴普丁/达福普汀对这三株菌株中只有两株具有杀菌作用。阿米卡星、亚胺培南、苯唑西林和利福平活性较低。
