Toffaletti J, Savory J
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1976 Nov-Dec;6(6):529-36.
Four tests for the evaluation of lead poisoning are reviewed from both the clinical and methodological aspects. Whole blood or erythrocyte lead measurements appear to provide the best means of assessing the bodily burden of lead with electrothermal and Delves cup flame atomic absorption spectorphotometric techniques providing accurate and precise results. Urine lead is less reliable as a screening test for lead poisoning but is excellent for monitoring the course of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) therapy. Atomic absorption methods for urine are made difficult by the variable matrix of urine but satisfactory electrothermal and flame procedures have been described. Erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity is a very sensitive index of lead exposure,--perhaps too sensitive. Analytical procedures for measuring this enzyme are subject to errors and many complicating factors such as lack of stability of the specimen limit the usefulness of the test. Urine delta-aminolevulinic acid is of questionable value as a screening procedure and also is subject to analytical problems.
从临床和方法学两个方面对评估铅中毒的四项检测进行了综述。全血或红细胞铅测量似乎是评估体内铅负荷的最佳方法，电热和德尔夫斯杯火焰原子吸收光谱技术可提供准确而精确的结果。尿铅作为铅中毒的筛查试验不太可靠，但对于监测乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）治疗过程非常有用。尿液的可变基质给尿铅的原子吸收法带来了困难，但已描述了令人满意的电热和火焰检测程序。红细胞δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶活性是铅暴露的一个非常敏感的指标，——可能过于敏感。测量该酶的分析程序容易出错，许多复杂因素，如标本缺乏稳定性，限制了该检测的实用性。尿δ-氨基乙酰丙酸作为一种筛查程序价值存疑，并且也存在分析问题。
