Cohen N D, Woods A M
Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4475, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999 Feb 1;214(3):382-90.
To characterize horses with acute diarrhea and determine risk factors for failure to survive.
Retrospective study.
122 adult horses admitted for acute diarrhea at the teaching hospital between Jan 1, 1990 and Dec 31, 1996.
Medical records of horses with acute diarrhea were reviewed to abstract information regarding signalment, history, physical examination, clinicopathologic testing, treatment, and outcome.
91 of 122 (74.6%) horses lived and were discharged from the hospital. Horses with history of administration of antimicrobials for a problem preceding diarrhea were approximately 4.5 times less likely to survive. The following variables that had been determined at the time of admission were significantly associated with failure to survive: administration of antimicrobial drugs for another illness, serum creatinine concentration > 2.0 mg/dl, PCV > 45%, tachycardia (heart rate > 60 beats/min), and low serum total protein concentration. Prevalence of laminitis was 11.5%.
Diarrheic horses that are azotemic and have clinicopathologic findings consistent with hemoconcentration and hypoproteinemia have a poor prognosis for survival. Antimicrobial administration may induce diarrhea, and antimicrobial-associated diarrhea may have a worse prognosis than other types of acute diarrhea.
对患有急性腹泻的马匹进行特征描述，并确定死亡的危险因素。
回顾性研究。
1990年1月1日至1996年12月31日期间在教学医院收治的122匹成年急性腹泻马。
查阅急性腹泻马的病历，提取有关特征、病史、体格检查、临床病理检查、治疗及转归的信息。
122匹马中有91匹（74.6%）存活并出院。腹泻前因其他问题使用过抗菌药物的马存活可能性约低4.5倍。入院时确定的以下变量与死亡显著相关：因其他疾病使用抗菌药物、血清肌酐浓度>2.0mg/dl、红细胞压积>45%、心动过速（心率>60次/分钟）及血清总蛋白浓度低。蹄叶炎患病率为11.5%。
患有氮血症且临床病理检查结果符合血液浓缩和低蛋白血症的腹泻马预后不良。使用抗菌药物可能诱发腹泻，与抗菌药物相关的腹泻预后可能比其他类型的急性腹泻更差。
