Horiuchi M, Akishita M, Dzau V J
Division of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Hypertension. 1999 Feb;33(2):613-21. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.33.2.613.
Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in regulating cardiovascular hemodynamics and structure. Multiple lines of evidence have suggested the existence of Ang II receptor subtypes, and at least 2 distinct receptor subtypes have been defined on the basis of their differential pharmacological and biochemical properties and designated as type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors. To date, most of the known effects of Ang II in adult tissues are attributable to the AT1 receptor. Recent cloning of the AT2 receptor contributes to reveal its physiological functions, but many functions of the AT2 receptor are still an enigma. AT1 and AT2 receptors belong to the 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor family. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates that the function and signaling mechanisms of these receptor subtypes are quite different, and these receptors may exert opposite effects in terms of cell growth and blood pressure regulation. We will review the role of the AT2 receptor in the cardiovascular system and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AT2 receptor action.
血管紧张素II（Ang II）在调节心血管血流动力学和结构方面发挥着重要作用。多条证据表明存在Ang II受体亚型，并且根据其不同的药理和生化特性至少定义了2种不同的受体亚型，分别命名为1型（AT1）和2型（AT2）受体。迄今为止，Ang II在成体组织中的大多数已知作用都归因于AT1受体。AT2受体的近期克隆有助于揭示其生理功能，但AT2受体的许多功能仍是一个谜。AT1和AT2受体属于7跨膜G蛋白偶联受体家族。然而，越来越多的证据表明这些受体亚型的功能和信号传导机制有很大不同，并且这些受体在细胞生长和血压调节方面可能发挥相反的作用。我们将综述AT2受体在心血管系统中的作用以及AT2受体作用的分子和细胞机制。
