Rust R S, Thompson W H, Matthews C G, Beaty B J, Chun R W
Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA 02114, USA.
J Child Neurol. 1999 Jan;14(1):1-14. doi: 10.1177/088307389901400101.
The California serogroup viruses are mosquito viruses that cause human infections on five continents. They are maintained and amplified in nature by a wide variety of mosquito vectors and mammalian hosts; they thrive in a remarkably wide variety of microclimates (eg, tropical, coastal temperate marshland, lowland river valleys, alpine valleys and highlands, high boreal deserts, and arctic steppes). In 1993, California serogroup viruses caused 71% of all cases of arboviral illness in the United States, principally La Crosse encephalitis. The 30 to 180 annual cases of La Crosse encephalitis represent 8% to 30% of all cases of encephalitis, rendering this illness the most common and important endemic mosquito-borne illness in the USA. Subclinical or mild infections are much more common. Methods and results acquired from intense study of California serogroup viruses have been applied, with benefit, to the study of the ecology and pathogenesis of many more serious human arboviral illnesses. The evolutionary potential of viruses, with particular reference to the development of more virulent strains, has been studied more closely in the California serogroup viruses than in almost any other agent of human disease.
加利福尼亚血清群病毒是由蚊子传播的病毒，在五大洲均会导致人类感染。它们在自然界中通过多种蚊子媒介和哺乳动物宿主得以维持和增殖；它们能在极为多样的微气候环境中（如热带、沿海温带沼泽地、低地河谷、高山峡谷和高地、高纬度北方沙漠以及北极草原）繁衍。1993年，加利福尼亚血清群病毒导致了美国所有虫媒病毒病病例的71%，主要是拉克罗斯脑炎。每年30至180例的拉克罗斯脑炎病例占所有脑炎病例的8%至30%，使这种疾病成为美国最常见且最重要的地方性蚊媒疾病。亚临床或轻度感染更为常见。通过对加利福尼亚血清群病毒的深入研究所获得的方法和结果，已有益地应用于对更多严重人类虫媒病毒病的生态学和发病机制的研究。相较于几乎任何其他人类疾病病原体，在加利福尼亚血清群病毒中对病毒的进化潜力，尤其是更具毒性毒株的发展，进行了更深入的研究。
