Mathews A M, Johnston D W, Lancashire M, Munby M, Shaw P M, Gelder M G
Br J Psychiatry. 1976 Oct;129:361-71. doi: 10.1192/bjp.129.4.361.
Each of thirty-six female agoraphobic out-patients were treated by one of three methods: 8 sessions of imaginal flooding followed by 8 sessions of practice in the real situation; 16 sessions of combined flooding and practice; or 16 sessions of practice alone. Three therapists treated equal numbers of patients in each group, and there was some evidence that patients' response varied according to the therapist seen, irrespective of treatment group. There were no significant differences between treatment groups after 8 sessions, 16 sessions or on six-month follow-up. It is concluded that there are no long-term differences between the effects of treatments involving exposure to either imaginal or real phobic situations or to a combination of both, provided that patients are encouraged to practise between sessions.
8次想象暴露疗法，随后进行8次实际场景练习；16次暴露疗法与练习相结合；或仅进行16次练习。三名治疗师在每个组中治疗的患者数量相同，并且有证据表明，无论治疗组如何，患者的反应因所看的治疗师而异。在8次治疗、16次治疗或六个月随访后，治疗组之间没有显著差异。得出的结论是，如果鼓励患者在治疗期间进行练习，那么在涉及想象或实际恐惧情境暴露或两者结合的治疗效果之间不存在长期差异。
