Imshenetskiĭ A A, Kirillova N F, Popova L S
Mikrobiologiia. 1976 Sep-Oct;45(5):763-9.
The effect of carbohydrates, aromatic alcohols, choline and acetylcholine on the biomass production and biosynthesis of choline esterase was studied with Arthrobacter simplex var. cholinesterasus. Fructose was found to be the best carbon source for the biomass accumulation and synthesis of choline esterase. Almost the same amount of the enzyme was produced on media with glucose and maltose as on the medium with fructose though the biomass yield was much lower. On the contrary, the biomass production was higher on media with acetylcholine and ethanol, but synthesis of the enzyme was inhibited. Choline was not assimilated by the culture. Differences in assimilation of glucose and fructose by the culture were found to depend on their concentration and the presence, or absence, of the inductor (acetylcholine) in the medium. Fructose was assimilated by the culture almost completely irrespective of its concentration and the presence of the inductor in the medium. Glucose was assimilated partly, best of all at a concentration of 0.5%. An increase of the concentration to 1% inhibited assimilation of glucose by the organism though had no effect on the biomass production and synthesis of the enzyme. The inductor stimulated assimilation of glucose by a factor of 1.5. Synthesis of choline esterase on the medium with acetylcholine at a concentration of 1% was increased more than twofold upon addition of glucose at a concentration of 0.1%. Biosynthesis of the enzyme rised with glucose concentration though accumulation of the biomass was inhibited. Inhibition of choline esterase synthesis on the medium with acetylcholine as a sole carbon source is due to a lack of energy and the absence of synthesis of carbon compounds which are acceptors of acetyl and methyl groups.
利用产胆碱酯酶的简单节杆菌研究了碳水化合物、芳香醇、胆碱和乙酰胆碱对生物量生产及胆碱酯酶生物合成的影响。发现果糖是生物量积累和胆碱酯酶合成的最佳碳源。尽管生物量产量低得多，但在含有葡萄糖和麦芽糖的培养基上产生的酶量与含有果糖的培养基上几乎相同。相反，在含有乙酰胆碱和乙醇的培养基上生物量产量更高，但酶的合成受到抑制。该培养物不吸收胆碱。发现该培养物对葡萄糖和果糖的吸收差异取决于它们的浓度以及培养基中诱导剂（乙酰胆碱）的存在与否。无论果糖浓度如何以及培养基中是否存在诱导剂，该培养物几乎完全吸收果糖。葡萄糖部分被吸收，在浓度为0.5%时吸收效果最佳。浓度增加到1%会抑制该生物体对葡萄糖的吸收，尽管对生物量生产和酶的合成没有影响。诱导剂使葡萄糖的吸收增加了1.5倍。在含有1%乙酰胆碱的培养基上，添加0.1%的葡萄糖后胆碱酯酶的合成增加了两倍多。酶的生物合成随葡萄糖浓度增加，尽管生物量的积累受到抑制。在以乙酰胆碱作为唯一碳源的培养基上胆碱酯酶合成的抑制是由于缺乏能量以及缺乏作为乙酰基和甲基受体的碳化合物的合成。
