Imsenecki A A, Popova L S, Kirillova N F
Mikrobiologiia. 1976;45(4):614-9.
The effect of organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen on biomass accumulation and cholinesterase synthesis was studied with Arthrobacter simplex var. cholinesterasus. The culture assimilates nitrogen of ammonium compounds better than other forms of inorganic nitrogen; the best nitrogen source for biosynthesis of cholinesterase is ammonium phosphate. Nitrogen of nitrates is not assimilated. The amount of biomass is almost twice as high on the medium with peptone, casein or casein hydrolysate as on the medium with mineral nitrogen, while the activity of cholinesterase on these nitrogen sources decreases 1.5--2.0 times. Yeast extract as a nitrogen source increases biomass accumulation by a factor of 2.5 and does not supress synthesis of cholinesterase. The concentration of the enzyme synthesized per unit biomass on the medium with yeast extract is the same as on the medium containing ammonium phosphate. The effect of amino acids and amides, i.e. beta-alanine, proline, amides of aspartic and glutamic acids, and their mixtures, is similar to the action of yeast extract: they stimulate biomass accumulation and do not inhibit synthesis of the enzyme. Other amino acids supress synthesis of cholinesterase. The amount of accumulated biomass in the presence of glutamic acid is twice as high as in the case of any other amino acid, and three times as high as on the medium containing ammonium phosphate. Similar action of glutamic acid is manifested when it is used in mixtures with other amino acids. On the medium containing glutamic acid as a sole source of nitrogen, an increase in biomass production is accompanied with a decrease in biosynthesis of the enzyme by 50%. Repression of the biosynthesis is less if glutamic acid is added in mixtures with proline, beta-alanine and asparagine.
利用胆碱酯酶节杆菌研究了有机态氮和无机态氮对生物量积累及胆碱酯酶合成的影响。该培养物对铵化合物氮的同化能力优于其他无机氮形式；胆碱酯酶生物合成的最佳氮源是磷酸铵。硝酸盐氮不能被同化。在含有蛋白胨、酪蛋白或酪蛋白水解物的培养基上，生物量几乎是含有矿质氮培养基上的两倍，而这些氮源上胆碱酯酶的活性降低了1.5 - 2.0倍。酵母提取物作为氮源可使生物量积累增加2.5倍，且不抑制胆碱酯酶的合成。在含有酵母提取物的培养基上，每单位生物量合成的酶浓度与含有磷酸铵的培养基上相同。氨基酸和酰胺，即β - 丙氨酸、脯氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸的酰胺及其混合物的作用与酵母提取物相似：它们刺激生物量积累且不抑制酶的合成。其他氨基酸抑制胆碱酯酶的合成。在存在谷氨酸的情况下积累的生物量是任何其他氨基酸情况下的两倍，是含有磷酸铵培养基上的三倍。当谷氨酸与其他氨基酸混合使用时，也表现出类似作用。在以谷氨酸作为唯一氮源的培养基上，生物量产量增加的同时，酶的生物合成减少50%。如果将谷氨酸与脯氨酸、β - 丙氨酸和天冬酰胺混合添加，对生物合成的抑制作用较小。
