Cottrell M T, Cary S C
College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Mar;65(3):1127-32. doi: 10.1128/AEM.65.3.1127-1132.1999.
A unique community of bacteria colonizes the dorsal integument of the polychaete annelid Alvinella pompejana, which inhabits the high-temperature environments of active deep-sea hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise. The composition of this bacterial community was characterized in previous studies by using a 16S rRNA gene clone library and in situ hybridization with oligonucleotide probes. In the present study, a pair of PCR primers (P94-F and P93-R) were used to amplify a segment of the dissimilatory bisulfite reductase gene from DNA isolated from the community of bacteria associated with A. pompejana. The goal was to assess the presence and diversity of bacteria with the capacity to use sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor. A clone library of bisulfite reductase gene PCR products was constructed and characterized by restriction fragment and sequence analysis. Eleven clone families were identified. Two of the 11 clone families, SR1 and SR6, contained 82% of the clones. DNA sequence analysis of a clone from each family indicated that they are dissimilatory bisulfite reductase genes most similar to the dissimilatory bisulfite reductase genes of Desulfovibrio vulgaris, Desulfovibrio gigas, Desulfobacterium autotrophicum, and Desulfobacter latus. Similarities to the dissimilatory bisulfite reductases of Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii, the sulfide oxidizer Chromatium vinosum, the sulfur reducer Pyrobaculum islandicum, and the archaeal sulfate reducer Archaeoglobus fulgidus were lower. Phylogenetic analysis separated the clone families into groups that probably represent two genera of previously uncharacterized sulfate-reducing bacteria. The presence of dissimilatory bisulfite reductase genes is consistent with recent temperature and chemical measurements that documented a lack of dissolved oxygen in dwelling tubes of the worm. The diversity of dissimilatory bisulfite reductase genes in the bacterial community on the back of the worm suggests a prominent role for anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria in the ecology of A. pompejana.
一种独特的细菌群落定殖在多毛纲环节动物庞贝蠕虫（Alvinella pompejana）的背部体表，该蠕虫栖息于东太平洋海隆活跃深海热液喷口的高温环境中。在先前的研究中，通过使用16S rRNA基因克隆文库以及与寡核苷酸探针进行原位杂交，对这个细菌群落的组成进行了表征。在本研究中，使用一对PCR引物（P94-F和P93-R）从与庞贝蠕虫相关的细菌群落分离出的DNA中扩增异化型亚硫酸氢盐还原酶基因的一个片段。目的是评估具有将硫酸盐用作末端电子受体能力的细菌的存在和多样性。构建了亚硫酸氢盐还原酶基因PCR产物的克隆文库，并通过限制性片段和序列分析进行表征。鉴定出11个克隆家族。11个克隆家族中的两个，即SR1和SR6，包含了82%的克隆。对每个家族的一个克隆进行DNA序列分析表明，它们是异化型亚硫酸氢盐还原酶基因，与普通脱硫弧菌（Desulfovibrio vulgaris）、巨大脱硫弧菌（Desulfovibrio gigas）、自养脱硫杆菌（Desulfobacterium autotrophicum）和迟缓脱硫杆菌（Desulfobacter latus）的异化型亚硫酸氢盐还原酶基因最为相似。与黄石热脱硫弧菌（Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii）、硫化物氧化菌葡萄酒色嗜盐菌（Chromatium vinosum）、硫还原菌冰岛嗜火菌（Pyrobaculum islandicum）以及古菌硫酸盐还原菌嗜热栖热菌（Archaeoglobus fulgidus）的异化型亚硫酸氢盐还原酶的相似性较低。系统发育分析将克隆家族分为几组，可能代表了两个以前未表征的硫酸盐还原细菌属。异化型亚硫酸氢盐还原酶基因的存在与最近的温度和化学测量结果一致，这些测量记录了蠕虫栖息管中缺乏溶解氧的情况。蠕虫背部细菌群落中异化型亚硫酸氢盐还原酶基因的多样性表明，厌氧硫酸盐还原细菌在庞贝蠕虫的生态中起着重要作用。
