Huang Y H, Wu J C, Lu S N, Chiang T Y, Chang F Y, Lee S D
Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 1999 Jan;62(1):28-32.
Spread of hepatitis D virus (HDV) from mother to infant is rare and nucleotide evidence to document such transmission is lacking. The aim of this study was to screen the children of HDV-infected parents and compare the HDV nucleotide sequence between children and parents by phylogenetic analysis.
Fifty-seven children of 28 HDV-infected parents (23 fathers and 5 mothers, including two couples) were enrolled. HDV genomes from sera of HDV-infected parents and their children were cloned and sequenced. Comparison and phylogenetic analysis of HDV genomes were based on a region from nucleotide 911 to 1260. The homology to nucleotide sequence among different genotypes was estimated by phylogenetic analysis.
One of the eight children whose mothers were anti-HDV positive was positive for anti-HDV. Mean heterogeneity among different HDV clones from a single subject ranged from 0.29% to 1.15%. HDV sequences from the mother and her child (referred from southern Taiwan) were nearly identical (99.7%), both showed 92.2-93.4% homology with other genotype II isolates from north Taiwan and 76.3-77.1% homology with genotype I isolates.
Genotype II HDV is most prevalent in Taiwan. There are significant variations up to 8% in nucleotide sequence among different genotype II HDV clones isolated from patients in northern and southern Taiwan. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HDV clones from the mother and her child form a monophyletic group, supporting a common source of infection. Susceptible children of HDV-infected mothers should be protected by hepatitis B virus vaccination and active education.
丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）从母亲传播至婴儿的情况罕见，且缺乏记录此类传播的核苷酸证据。本研究旨在筛查HDV感染父母的子女，并通过系统发育分析比较子女与父母之间的HDV核苷酸序列。
纳入28名HDV感染父母（23名父亲和5名母亲，包括两对夫妻）的57名子女。对HDV感染父母及其子女血清中的HDV基因组进行克隆和测序。HDV基因组的比较和系统发育分析基于核苷酸911至1260的区域。通过系统发育分析估计不同基因型之间核苷酸序列的同源性。
母亲抗HDV阳性的8名儿童中有1名抗HDV呈阳性。来自单个受试者的不同HDV克隆之间的平均异质性范围为0.29%至1.15%。母亲及其子女（来自台湾南部）的HDV序列几乎相同（99.7%），与来自台湾北部的其他II型分离株均显示出92.2 - 93.4%的同源性，与I型分离株的同源性为76.3 - 77.1%。
II型HDV在台湾最为普遍。从台湾北部和南部患者分离出的不同II型HDV克隆之间的核苷酸序列存在高达8%的显著差异。系统发育分析表明，母亲及其子女的HDV克隆形成一个单系群，支持共同的感染源。HDV感染母亲的易感儿童应通过乙肝疫苗接种和积极教育加以保护。
