Stearns V, Yamauchi H, Hayes D F
Breast Cancer Program, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1998;52(1-3):239-59. doi: 10.1023/a:1006137619153.
Detecting and/or monitoring changes in circulating tumor markers might assist in evaluating cancer risk, diagnosis, prognosis, or response to treatment. Several categories of circulating tumor markers have been investigated in breast cancer. These categories include classical tumor-associated antigens, such as CEA and CA 15-3, markers of tumor biology, including markers of angiogenesis, adhesion, and invasion, and antibody response to tumor-associated antigens such as HER2/neu and p53. We used a recently proposed Tumor Marker Utility Grading System to evaluate the use of several circulating tumor markers for different clinical utilities in breast cancer. While there are no tumor markers with established clinical utilities for most uses, tumor-associated antigens can be used for monitoring patients with metastatic disease. In addition, markers of tumor biology such as the circulating extracellular domain of HER2/neu might be useful in determining not only prognosis, but also response to specific treatments. However, further investigations are required to further assess the utility of individual tumor markers for specific clinical uses.
检测和/或监测循环肿瘤标志物的变化可能有助于评估癌症风险、诊断、预后或对治疗的反应。在乳腺癌中已经对几类循环肿瘤标志物进行了研究。这些类别包括经典的肿瘤相关抗原，如癌胚抗原（CEA）和糖类抗原15-3（CA 15-3），肿瘤生物学标志物，包括血管生成、黏附和侵袭的标志物，以及对肿瘤相关抗原如人表皮生长因子受体2/神经（HER2/neu）和p53的抗体反应。我们使用最近提出的肿瘤标志物实用分级系统来评估几种循环肿瘤标志物在乳腺癌不同临床应用中的用途。虽然大多数用途没有已确立临床应用价值的肿瘤标志物，但肿瘤相关抗原可用于监测转移性疾病患者。此外，肿瘤生物学标志物，如HER2/neu的循环细胞外结构域，可能不仅有助于确定预后，还能确定对特定治疗的反应。然而，需要进一步研究以进一步评估单个肿瘤标志物在特定临床应用中的效用。
