Noi O, Makimoto K
Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Medical College, Japan.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1999;256(2):61-8. doi: 10.1007/s004050050117.
The effects of glycerol on cochlear blood flow and serum osmotic pressure were studied in healthy guinea pigs. Laser Doppler flowmetry of cochlear blood flow after the esophageal-gastric administration of 50% glycerol demonstrated a greater increase in blood flow for a longer time than with the intravenous infusion of 50% glycerol. The intravenous infusion of glycerol did increase systemic blood pressure, which changed partially in parallel with the change in cochlear blood flow. The change in systemic blood pressure after esophageal-gastric administration was slight. In another experiment designed to observe the changes in serum osmotic pressure after glycerol administration, the esophageal-gastric route also caused a greater and longer increase in serum osmolarity than intravenous infusion. The increase in cochlear blood flow after glycerol administration was thought to be due to an increase in the osmotic gradient between the blood in the cochlear vessels and the interstitial fluid, or to the high osmolarity of the blood itself. The possible mechanisms underlying local blood flow increase caused by high serum osmolarity are discussed. Systemic blood pressure increase induced by glycerol could be an influential factor for the cochlear blood flow increase during intravenous infusion.
在健康豚鼠中研究了甘油对耳蜗血流量和血清渗透压的影响。经食管-胃给予50%甘油后，通过激光多普勒血流仪测量耳蜗血流量，结果显示与静脉输注50%甘油相比，其血流量增加幅度更大且持续时间更长。静脉输注甘油确实会使全身血压升高，其变化部分与耳蜗血流量的变化平行。经食管-胃给药后全身血压变化轻微。在另一项旨在观察甘油给药后血清渗透压变化的实验中，经食管-胃途径引起的血清渗透压升高幅度也比静脉输注更大且持续时间更长。甘油给药后耳蜗血流量增加被认为是由于耳蜗血管内血液与组织液之间渗透压梯度增加，或者是血液本身的高渗透压所致。文中讨论了高血清渗透压引起局部血流增加的可能机制。甘油引起的全身血压升高可能是静脉输注期间耳蜗血流量增加的一个影响因素。
