Morikawa K
Laboratory of Vision Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 1999 Jan;61(1):134-43. doi: 10.3758/bf03211954.
Five experiments were conducted to examine how perceived direction of motion is influenced by aspects of shape of a moving object such as symmetry and elongation. Random polygons moving obliquely were presented on a computer screen and perceived direction of motion was measured. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that a symmetric object moving off the axis of symmetry caused motion to be perceived as more aligned with the axis than it actually was. However, Experiment 3 showed that motion did not influence perceived orientation of symmetry axis. Experiment 4 revealed that symmetric shapes resulted in faster judgments on direction of motion than asymmetric shapes only when the motion is along the axis. Experiment 5 showed that elongation causes a bias in perceived direction of motion similar to effects of symmetry. Existence of such biases is consistent with the hypothesis that in the course of evolution, the visual system has been adapted to regularities of motion in the animate world.
进行了五项实验，以研究诸如对称性和伸长率等移动物体形状方面如何影响运动的感知方向。在电脑屏幕上呈现倾斜移动的随机多边形，并测量运动的感知方向。实验1和2表明，对称物体偏离对称轴移动会导致运动被感知为比实际情况更与该轴对齐。然而，实验3表明，运动不会影响对称轴的感知方向。实验4揭示，仅当运动沿轴进行时，对称形状比不对称形状能更快地判断运动方向。实验5表明，伸长率会导致运动感知方向出现偏差，类似于对称性的影响。这种偏差的存在与以下假设一致：在进化过程中，视觉系统已适应了生物界运动的规律。
