Dorr N, Krueckeberg S, Strathman A, Wood M D
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Columbia 65211, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Feb;11(1):14-27.
Although past research has examined correlates of HIV testing, much of it has focused on demographic differences between tested and nontested individuals. The present study examined psychosocial differences between individuals seeking a voluntary HIV test at a college student health center and individuals who have never had an HIV test. Variables included in the model were four components of the health belief model (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers), as well as perceived norms, consideration of future consequences, and risky sexual behavior. Results suggest that individuals seeking an HIV test perceived more benefits of having a test, tended to perceive fewer barriers to having a test, were higher in consideration of Future Consequences, and engaged in riskier sexual behavior than individuals never having had an HIV test. Implications for both HIV testing interventions and the health belief model are discussed.
尽管过去的研究探讨了艾滋病病毒检测的相关因素，但其中大部分都集中在已检测和未检测个体之间的人口统计学差异上。本研究考察了在大学生健康中心寻求自愿艾滋病病毒检测的个体与从未进行过艾滋病病毒检测的个体之间的心理社会差异。模型中纳入的变量包括健康信念模型的四个组成部分（感知易感性、感知严重性、感知益处、感知障碍），以及感知规范、对未来后果的考虑和危险性行为。结果表明，与从未进行过艾滋病病毒检测的个体相比，寻求艾滋病病毒检测的个体认为检测有更多益处，往往认为检测的障碍更少，对未来后果的考虑更多，并且从事更危险的性行为。文中讨论了对艾滋病病毒检测干预措施和健康信念模型的启示。
