Hertz L, Peng L, Lai J C
Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Methods. 1998 Nov;16(3):293-310. doi: 10.1006/meth.1998.0686.
Studies using primary cultures of astrocytes have made essential contributions to the understanding of astrocytic functions and neuronal-astrocytic interactions. The purposes of this article are to (i) outline principles and methodologies used in the preparation of such cultures and caveats for the interpretation of the observations made; (ii) summarize astrocytic functions in turnover of the amino acid transmitters glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), in energy metabolism and in Na+,K+-ATPase-catalyzed processes and emphasize the degree to which the observations have been confirmed in intact tissue; (iii) describe regulations of astrocytic functions by transmitters and by calcium channel activity; and (iv) indicate suggestions for future functional studies using astrocytes in primary cultures and emphasize that some of the conclusions about neuronal-astrocytic interactions reached on the basis of studies in cultured cells and confirmed in intact tissue may not yet have been completely integrated into general neuroscience knowledge.
使用星形胶质细胞原代培养物的研究为理解星形胶质细胞功能和神经元 - 星形胶质细胞相互作用做出了重要贡献。本文的目的是：（i）概述此类培养物制备中使用的原理和方法以及解释所做观察结果时需注意的事项；（ii）总结星形胶质细胞在氨基酸递质谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的周转、能量代谢以及Na⁺，K⁺-ATP酶催化过程中的功能，并强调这些观察结果在完整组织中得到证实的程度；（iii）描述递质和钙通道活性对星形胶质细胞功能的调节；以及（iv）指出使用原代培养星形胶质细胞进行未来功能研究的建议，并强调一些基于培养细胞研究得出并在完整组织中得到证实的关于神经元 - 星形胶质细胞相互作用的结论可能尚未完全融入一般神经科学知识中。
