Taylor S K, Williams E S, Mills K W
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82070, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1999 Jan;35(1):58-63. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.1.58.
Experimental transmission of the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum was induced in two treatment groups of Canadian toads (Bufo hemiophrys) and caused a fatal mycotic dermatitis. Seven of 10 (70%) toads that had their ventral skin mildly abraded and exposed to B. ranarum developed hyperemia, and sloughing of their ventral skin and died. Toads with abraded ventral skin or exposure to infected skin also were affected statistically at a higher rate than those with abraded skin and exposure to pure cultures of B. ranarum inoculated into their water source. Of toads showing clinical disease, B. ranarum was identified by both impression smears and histology in all cases, but not from toads that appeared clinically healthy. The organism was cultured from 5 of 7 (71%) toads with clinical disease but not from any toad that appeared clinically healthy (n = 28). This study documents methods of experimental transmission of B. ranarum, an organism responsible for causing a mycotic dermatitis that is fatal to toads.
在两组加拿大蟾蜍（北美蟾蜍）中诱导了蛙生被孢霉真菌的实验性传播，并引发了致命的霉菌性皮炎。10只蟾蜍中有7只（70%）腹部皮肤轻度擦伤并接触蛙生被孢霉后出现充血，腹部皮肤脱落并死亡。腹部皮肤擦伤或接触感染皮肤的蟾蜍受影响的统计学比例也高于腹部皮肤擦伤并接触接种到水源中的蛙生被孢霉纯培养物的蟾蜍。在出现临床疾病的蟾蜍中，所有病例通过印片涂片和组织学均鉴定出蛙生被孢霉，但在临床健康的蟾蜍中未鉴定出。从7只出现临床疾病的蟾蜍中有5只（71%）培养出了该病原体，但在任何临床健康的蟾蜍（n = 28）中均未培养出。本研究记录了蛙生被孢霉的实验性传播方法，该病原体可导致对蟾蜍致命的霉菌性皮炎。
