Taylor S K, Williams E S, Mills K W
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82070, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1999 Jan;35(1):64-9. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.1.64.
Twenty-six adult free-ranging Canadian toads (Bufo hemiophrys) were collected from northeastern North Dakota (USA) during the last week of August 1994 and placed in captivity. During late December and January 1995, 21 Canadian toads died. Clinical signs included increased time sitting in water bowls, darkened dorsal skin, constant arching of their backs, and hyperemia and sloughing of ventral epidermis. The condition progressively worsened until death occurred within 5 to 7 days after onset of clinical disease. Mycotic dermatitis due to Basidiobolus ranarum was diagnosed in all toads and the fungus was isolated from 11 (52%) of 21 toads. Histology of the ventral skin and digits revealed numerous fungal spherules and occasional hyphae without significant inflammatory reaction. This condition clinically resembled red leg associated with Aeromonas hydrophila and many other bacterial organisms, and the diseases could be confused without appropriate diagnostic tests. This also is the first report of B. ranarum causing clinical disease in a toad species.
1994年8月最后一周，从美国北达科他州东北部捕获了26只成年野生加拿大蟾蜍（Bufo hemiophrys）并圈养起来。1995年12月下旬至1月期间，21只加拿大蟾蜍死亡。临床症状包括在水盆中停留时间增加、背部皮肤变黑、背部持续拱起以及腹部表皮充血和脱落。病情逐渐恶化，直至临床疾病发作后5至7天内死亡。所有蟾蜍均被诊断为由蛙粪霉引起的霉菌性皮炎，并且从21只蟾蜍中的11只（52%）分离出了该真菌。腹部皮肤和趾部的组织学检查显示有大量真菌球和偶尔的菌丝，无明显炎症反应。这种情况在临床上类似于由嗜水气单胞菌和许多其他细菌引起的红腿病，若无适当的诊断测试，这些疾病可能会混淆。这也是蛙粪霉在蟾蜍物种中引起临床疾病的首次报道。
