Ward T, Powell R M, Evans D J, Almond J W
J Gen Virol. 1999 Feb;80 ( Pt 2):283-290. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-283.
Echoviruses induce a wide spectrum of diseases in man, the most severe being meningitis. In neonates, however, a severe systemic infection can be observed, leading to death. Serum albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma and most interstitial fluids, and its functions include osmoregulation and transport and delivery of hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids and steroids. The results of cold-synchronized one-step growth analysis of echovirus 7 infection and sucrose-gradient analysis of A-particles suggest that physiological concentrations of albumin block echovirus 7 infection by inhibiting uncoating. The blockage was reversible and was still effective when albumin was added 30 min after virus adsorption. Inhibition of uncoating was confirmed by using rhodanine, a known specific inhibitor of echovirus uncoating. After removal of the albumin blockage, addition of rhodanine perpetuated the inhibition. Serum and interstitial albumin concentrations may limit echovirus infection in vivo and thereby act as an extracellular determinant for echovirus tropism.
埃可病毒可在人类中引发多种疾病，其中最严重的是脑膜炎。然而，在新生儿中，可观察到严重的全身感染，甚至导致死亡。血清白蛋白是血浆和大多数组织间液中含量最丰富的蛋白质，其功能包括渗透调节以及运输和递送脂肪酸和类固醇等疏水分子。埃可病毒7感染的冷同步一步生长分析结果以及A颗粒的蔗糖梯度分析表明，生理浓度的白蛋白通过抑制脱壳来阻断埃可病毒7感染。这种阻断是可逆的，并且在病毒吸附30分钟后添加白蛋白时仍然有效。使用罗丹宁（一种已知的埃可病毒脱壳特异性抑制剂）证实了脱壳的抑制作用。去除白蛋白阻断后，添加罗丹宁可使抑制作用持续存在。血清和组织间白蛋白浓度可能会在体内限制埃可病毒感染，从而作为埃可病毒嗜性的细胞外决定因素。
