苯丙胺的3,4-亚甲二氧基类似物：确定对人类的风险

3,4-Methylenedioxy analogues of amphetamine: defining the risks to humans.

作者信息

Hegadoren K M, Baker G B, Bourin M

机构信息

Faculty of Nursing, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

出版信息

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1999 Mar;23(4):539-53. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(98)00046-3.

DOI:10.1016/s0149-7634(98)00046-3

PMID:10073892

Abstract

The 3,4-methylenedioxy analogues of amphetamine [MDMA ("Ecstasy", "Adam"), MDA ("Love") and MDE ("Eve")] are recreational drugs that produce feelings of euphoria and energy and a desire to socialize, which go far to explain their current popularity as "rave drugs". In addition to these positive effects, the drugs are relatively inexpensive to purchase and have the reputation of being safe compared to other recreational drugs. Yet there is mounting evidence that these drugs do not deserve this reputation of being safe. This review examines the relevant human and animal literature to delineate the possible risks MDMA, MDA and MDE engender with oral consumption in humans. Following a summary of the behavioral and cognitive effects of MDMA, MDA and MDE, risks will be discussed in terms of toxicity, psychopathology, neurotoxicity, abuse potential and the potential for drug-drug interactions associated with acute and chronic use.

摘要

苯丙胺的3,4-亚甲二氧基类似物[摇头丸（“摇头丸”“亚当”）、甲烯二氧苯丙胺（“爱情药”）和亚甲二氧乙基苯丙胺（“夏娃”）]是消遣性药物，会产生欣快感、精力充沛的感觉以及社交欲望，这在很大程度上解释了它们目前作为“锐舞药物”的流行程度。除了这些积极作用外，这些药物购买相对便宜，且与其他消遣性药物相比有安全的声誉。然而，越来越多的证据表明这些药物并不值得拥有这种安全声誉。这篇综述研究了相关的人类和动物文献，以描述摇头丸、甲烯二氧苯丙胺和亚甲二氧乙基苯丙胺在人类口服时可能产生的风险。在总结摇头丸、甲烯二氧苯丙胺和亚甲二氧乙基苯丙胺的行为和认知影响之后，将从毒性、精神病理学、神经毒性、滥用可能性以及与急性和慢性使用相关的药物相互作用可能性等方面讨论风险。